Possibilidades de otimização do uso florestal para pequenos produtores de várzeas Amazônicas: um estudo na Costa Amapaense

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate possibilities of forestry use optimization in Amazon floodplain to: holders by investigation of the productive potential taking as case study the communit\" of Lontra Pedreira, located in the proximities of Macapá (0o 1'54 " N; 51st 2 ' 57 " W), capital of Amapá State. Brazil, and in floodplains of river-marine influcnce, classifled as belonging to Costa Amapaense - Floodplains. To determinate the potential, it were studied three research sections; the human potential natural potential and the externai potential. The Human Potential investigated parameters as the laber readiness, local knowledge of the riverside in relation to the forest, motivation to management the forest and financial resources of the ribeirinhos. The Natural Potential embraced parameters as the forests diversity and struetures horizontal, the forest produets that be found and its productive potential. The Externai Potential verified the existent explotation and extraction techniques, market, political aspects and social aspects. The results showed that the Human Potential was considered as regulate to good. because in spite of the community to be motivated to be organized for the community forest handling and to have great knowledge on which the forest can offer, they still exist obstacles for the forestry management as the lack of techniques for the multiple use of the forest, the lack of financial resources (I liquidate monthly available of R$586,50.) and the tew readiness of time, this last one could be solved through the planned distribution of tasks among the ribeirinhos ones for likeness to the suitable work. The Natural Potential of the forest of floodplain of Lontra da Pedreira was considered as good, being taken into account the good readiness of timber resources (using an estimate of 37,6 nT per ha of wood with known and not known species by the forest enterprises), and non timber (being considered 2.262 Kg of fruits per ha.year, 770 liters per ha.year of Euterpe oleracea Mart. wine, 1 Kg of resin per ha.year and 10 Kg of bark per ha. year of Protium pubescens Ducke.; and 6 liters of Carapa guianensis Aubl. seeds oil per ha. year). The monetary value for lha were esteemed in to order US$695,39, just considering forest produets known by the market and US$2.082,67 per hectare for the mixture of known forest produets and not known by the market. Externai potential of the area in study was considered as regulate, needing to be quite improved, mainly in factors as the technical attendance and the quality of life of the population (education and health). However, the actual political conjuncture to incentives and subsidies is very favorable to forestry community management. Finally, using a value 1 for the great of the forestry use, it settled down 0,8 for the Natural Potential, 0,6 for the Human Potential and 0,5 for the Externai Potential of the area of forest of floodplain ofLontra da Pedreira.