Análises e contribuições para o manejo florestal comunitário do projeto de desenvolvimento sustentável Virola Jatobá, Anapu, Pará

Abstract

Studies on floristics and phytosociological structure help to understand the functioning of ecosystems through forest management. If guided by sustainable bases, forest management contributes to conservation and economic gain for traditional communities and family farmers in the Amazon. This work aimed to estimate the changes in the composition, diversity and floristic structure of a forest fragment of 545,3 hectares in the Virola-Jatobá Sustainable Development Project (PDS) and analyzing scenarios for the management of commercial timber specie Acapu. The logging altered the index of species’ coverage value, altered statistically significant the diversity indexes and the structure of the diametric distribution. In addition, features maintained were a high diversity of taxa, an equitable “J” Pilou distribution, floristic similarity greater than 93.2% and an inverted “J” diametric distribution. Even with the good management practices carried out by the PDS settlers, forest management has not proved to be ecologically sustainable due to pressures to log a limited number of species. The general results show the predominance of acapu species (Vouacapoua americana Aubl.) From the Fabaceae family and before and after exploration. Despite being an important commercial species protected by law and has not been exploited. An analysis of scenarios for the management of Vouacapoua Americana Aubl. attested that its population is suitable to forest management practices targeting the sale of fence poles. The use of local labor was the most profitable scenario, while the sale of logs was economically unfeasible. In areas where acapu occurs widely, the species should be addressed by policies in support to community-based forest management and forest resource planning.