Enxertia, atividade enzimática e orientação do tomateiro com quatro hastes

Abstract

The adoption of appropriate crop management is one way of improving the quality and production of tomato, foremost among these practices, the use of grafting and conduct method of the plants. However, in Brazil, there is a lack of information that encourage such practices. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the compatibility, enzyme activity, production and fruit quality of tomato, conducted with four stems, under protected environment. Therefore, an experiment was arranged, performed in three experimental steps, using as the hybrid rootstock 'Maxifort', 'Multifort' and 'Alambra'. The plants were cultivated in pots containing 13 dm3 substrate of coconut fiber. The characteristics evaluated were: enzymatic activity of peroxidases (PODs) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in step 1, ratings and production quality, nutritional status and chemical composition of the substrate in step 2, and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD and PODs) in step 3. During the healing of grafts showed an increase in the activity of PODs and PPO, due to the lignification process and graft healing. For the characteristics of production and fruit quality no significant effect. In the assessment of nutritional status were no differences in the levels of P, Mg and Ca in plants grafted, while in the chemical composition of the substrate was not observed differences. Probably this answer is that ally is allied to providing conditions conducive to the cultivation of plants (crop fertilized substrate) which provided optimal conditions for development. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and PODs occurred at 120 days after transplanting (DAT) for the rootstock 'Multifort', these being activities attributed to the intensification of metabolism during the production phase. We conclude, that the rootstocks 'Maxifort' and 'Multifort' not provided increases in production and quality of tomato fruits 'Alambra', the use of grafting caused increased activity of PODs and PPO in grafted tomato, and antioxidant enzymes SOD and PODs were not indicative of stress in adult plants by grafting tomato.