Avaliação dos estoques pesqueiros de três espécies comerciais no reservatório da usina hidrelétrica de Tucuruí-Pará.

Abstract

Fishing in the Amazon stands out among Brazilian regions due to the richness of exploited species and the amount of fish caught. This study describes the commercial fishing of the species mapará Hypophthalmus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1840), white hake Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel, 1840) and jatuarana Hemiodus unimaculatus (Bloch, 1794) in the Lower Tocantins-PA, Northern Brazil, in the area of influence of UHE-Tucuruí, with emphasis on the reservoir. The study was divided into four chapters. The first deals with Contextualization, Objectives, Literature review, Species Biology and General Methodology. The second, third and fourth chapters describe the parameters of growth, rate of exploitation and assessment of the stock of species. Where the following results were obtained: maximum and minimum species length, the most abundant length classes, asymptotic length (L∞), growth rate (k), exploitation rate, natural mortality (M), by fishing (F) and total (Z), fishing recruitment, maximum sustainable catch (MSY). To obtain the data, daily monitoring was carried out in six ports in the municipalities of Tucuruí (Porto do km 11), Jacundá (Porto Santa Rosa), Breu Branco (Porto da Gleira), Goianésia do Pará (Porto Novo), New office (Polo Pesqueiro) ) and Itupiranga (Porto da Colônia Z44). During the monitoring, data were collected: total length (CT), port of landing, type of vessel, date of departure and fishing time in hours, name of the main fishery, fishing equipment and their quantities, for the hook gear and gillnets, for the latter also the total length and size of the mesh stretched between opposite nodes. Fishing for mapará, hake and jatuarana in the lake of the Tucuruí HPP is of great importance in the socioeconomic life of fishermen, and is characterized as the main source of income. The species with the highest production landed is Hypophthalmus marginatus.