Malvaceae juss. na Serra dos Martírios-Andorinhas, São Geraldo do Araguaia, Pará, Brasil.

Abstract

Malvaceae comprises 243 genera and 4,300 species distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical regions and, more rarely, in temperate regions, found in several environments. The family has high economic importance with species exploited in the food, textile and ornamental industries, along with having ruderal and invasive species of plantations. In this work we carried out a taxonomic study of the genera and species of Malvaceae of Serra dos Martírios-Andorinhas, located in São Geraldo do Araguaia municipality, state of Pará. The Serra comprises two conservation units, the o Parque Estadual Serra dos Martírios-Andorinhas (PESAM) and the Área de Proteção Ambiental de São Geraldo do Araguaia (APA Araguaia), and its is in a transition between the Amazon biome and the Cerrado. The Serra is located in the so-called "Arc of deforestation", a region that concentrates the highest rates of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Samples from three collection expeditions carried out between 2018 and 2019 and from the collections of ian and MG herbaria were analyzed. The taxa were determined with reference to specialized literature, type specimens and original classic works. Thirty-seven species and 18 genera were recorded: Apeiba Aubl. (1 species), Christiana DC. (1), Corchorus L. (1), Eriotheca Schott & Endl. (1), Gaya Kunth (1), Helicteres L. (3), Malachra L. (2), Melochia L. (2), Pavonia Cav. (3), Peltaea (C. Presl) Standl. (2), Pseudabutilon R.E.Fr. (1), Pseudobombax Dugand (1), Sida L. (11), Sidastrum Baker f. (1), Theobroma L. (1), Triumfetta L. (3), Urena L. (1) and Waltheria L. (1). Nine species and one genus were recorded for the first time for the state of Pará, and a new species of Triumfetta was recognized. Identification key, taxonomic comments, geographic distribution data, habitat, and illustrations of Malvaceae species occurring in the Serra dos MartíriosAndorinhas are presented, its contributing to the knowledge of Pará and Brazilian flora.