Mobilização de reservas na emergência e desenvolvimento de plântulas de cupuaçuzeiro (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex. Spreng.) Schum.). 1- Carboidratos.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to find out the sites of carbohydrates reserves of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex-Spreng.) Schum.) by the analyses of starch, total soluble sugars and reducing soluble sugars, in the seed and cotyledons, roots, epicotyls and leaves samples of seedlings. The seedlings were obtained from seeds exposed to 16º+-2 ºC and 65+-5 % UR, for 48, 72, 240 and 480 hours; to 21º+-2ºC and 45+-5 % UR, for 48 and 72 hours, and other sowed seeds after manual and mechanical pulping. The starch (13,2 %) was the highest source of carbohydrates reserves in the seeds, followed by the total soluble sugars (8,1 %) and reducing soluble sugars (0,3 %). The cotyledons were the main sites of starch storage, total soluble sugars and reducing soluble sugars at 30 days after sowing. However, at 90 days after sowing the reserves of carbohydrates on the cotyledons were lower, followed by total soluble sugars (0,21 %), reducing soluble sugars (0,08 %) and starch (0,05 %). At the end of this experiment, the main sites of starch, total soluble sugars and reducing soluble sugars were the epicotyls, roots and epicotyls, respectively.