Dinâmica de plantações experimentais de Tachigali vulgaris L. F. Gomes da Silva & H. C. Lima em resposta à adubação e textura de solo.

Abstract

The diversification of species for bioenergy forestry in the Amazon will help several local and/or regional industrial segments. Soon, the expansion of knowledge of silvicultural practices of Tachigali vulgaris will subsidize future plantations on a commercial scale. The objective of this research was to verify the effect of different levels of fertilization, soil texture and age on the development of the T. vulgaris species to compose energetic forests. The study was conducted in two experimental areas of 1.6 ha each, belonging to the company Jari Celulose S.A. in Monte Dourado district of the municipality of Almeirim – Pará. Independent analyzes were performed, in both experimental areas and ages. The experiments were implemented in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme, with four blocks, whose treatments are 4 levels of phosphorus and 3 levels of potassium combined with each other, totaling 12 treatments. The variables diameter at breast height (DBH) of bole, equivalent diameter (Deq) of trees, total height (Ht) of trees, percentage of occurrence of single bole (Fu), commercial volume with bark per hectare (Vcb ha-1) and survival (Sobr.) were evaluated. For the sandy textured soil, ANOVA revealed a significant effect for the variable DAP of the boles and Fu. A mean Vcb ha-1 of 21.28m3 ha-1 (CV = 18.95 %) was observed; 81.78 m3 ha-1 (CV = 20.11 %); 107.57 m3 ha-1 (CV = 21.28 %); 121.85 m3 ha-1 (CV = 20.63 %); 171.02 m3 ha-1 (CV = 27.47 %); 216.68 m3 ha-1 (CV =29.59 %) and 254.06 m3 ha-1 (CV = 30.06 %) at 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 years of age, respectively. For the clayey textured soil, there was a significant effect of planting fertilization on the variable Vcb ha-1 and Sobr., with average volumes of 25.96 m3 ha-1 (CV = 25.46 %); 85.07 m3 ha-1 (CV = 18.18 %); 113.57 m3 ha-1 (CV = 19.65 %); 132.01 m3 ha-1 (CV = 22.80%); 197.23 m3 ha-1 (CV = 28.36 %); 243.21 m3 ha-1 (CV = 32.10 %) and 257.79 m3 ha-1 (CV = 35.68 %) at 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 years of age, respectively. The results indicate that T. vulgaris was undemanding in nutrients and, under the conditions of this study, a nutritional to dose of 0 kg ha-1 of triple superphosphate and 172 kg ha-1 of potassium chloride is recommended in an area with yellow oxisol with texture sandy medium and 195 kg ha-1 of triple superphosphate and 343 kg ha-1 of potassium chloride in an area with yellow latosol of medium clayey texture.