Avaliação da produção de coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.) em sistemas de aquaponia com tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) Cuvier 1818.

Abstract

The Brazilian Amazon needs production systems that meet the demand of the local population and preserve the environment. Aquaponics is a system that meets these requirements, however, it is necessary to determine the best plant/fish density ratio for native species and cultures with economic importance for the Amazon region. This research aimed to evaluate the density of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L).m-2 in an aquaponic system with Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). To attend the objective of this research, 4 treatments were tested with different coriander densities (512 cells m-2 (5,120 plants.m-2); 128 cells m-2 (1,280 plants.m-2); 72 cells m-2 (720 plants.m-2) and 32 cells m-2 (320 plants.m2), with 3 replications. The mean weight and length of fish at the time of storage was 118.1±6.2 g (512), 113.7±5.1 g (128), 107.1±5.0 g (72) and 116 .2±6.4 g (32), 19.84±0.3 cm, 19.59±0.3 cm, 19.34±0.3 cm, 19.7±0.4 cm, respectively, being 20 fish.m-3 were stored in a DFT aquaponic system. The animals were animals fed with 3% of the biomass, 3 times a day. For water quality, the physicochemical parameters were measured daily: pH, temperature (t), dissolved oxygen (OD) and electrical conductivity (EC). The nitrogen compounds (nitrite, nitrate and ammonia) and the phosphorus elements (P) were measured weekly. Coriander was cultivated in polystyrene trays, filled with coconut fiber, which received 16 seeds cells-1, were evaluated for plant productivity, number of leaves (NF), plant height (AP), total length (TC) and roots (CR), weight of fresh and dry matter (MFT, MFF, MFR, MST, MSF and MSR). In fish were evaluated: initial weight, final weight, initial TC, final TC, weight gain, and feed conversion (FC). The values of temperature, pH, OD and EC presented averages within the standards for the cultivation of coriander and tambaqui. The differences between the concentrations of ammonia (NH4) and nitrate (NO3) in the treatments were significantly lower in density 512 in relation to 32, which showed accumulation on the 10th day after transfer. Tambaqui showed a weight gain in the range of 51.09±2.5 g to 65.2±3.1 g in 19 days of cultivation. Regarding the phytotechnical parameters, CT and CF were significantly higher in density 512 (cells.m-2), in relation to densities, 128 and 72, however, lower in NF, MFT, MST, MFF, MSF, MFR and MSR. The cultivation of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) with Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in an aquaponic system is viable for the production of marketable vegetables. The use of the density of 128 plants/m2 had good phytotechnical performance.