Estudo etnobotânico para desenvolvimento da agrobiodiversidade na comunidade de Boa Esperança no município de São João de Pirabas-PA.

Abstract

This work was realized to establish the bases of a local development process to traditional communities of the Amazonia, that was denomined Agrobiodiversity. The objective was to showed the results of a integrate study of the ethnobotanic and socioeconomic diagnosis conduced in the Boa Esperanca village, Sao Joan de Pirabas municipality, Para state, as part of this process. The municipality is localized in the salted microregion, paraense North-East, about of 40 km of the municipality headdquarters, with access of 12 km by the road PA 124. The principals activities of the population were fishing, agriculture and crustaceous collect. The questionnaire, participative observation, structured and semi structured interview were used to date collect. The following ecosystems units utilized by community were considered: husbandry, backyard and secondary forest. The species was identified and classified in different use category. The Use Frequency of the species it was estimated, and experimental dates were utilized to describe the manioc ethnovarieties. The informations produced by socioeconomic diagnosis were: age, sex, school level, persons origin, live time, profession, civil and religious situations, family size and rent, provisions, diseases, social organization agrarian situations and leisure. The informations produced by ethnobotanic diagnosis were: citation, register and identified of the species utilized by community in differents landscape (husbandry, backyard and secondary forest). The dates permited to take the fallowing conclusions about the communities: there is a constant flux of persons input and output of community, with greater permanence of the mans and greater arrived of the woman, just the fishing; the school level of the persons it is low, in view of the difficulty to frequent the schools of second grade; the production systems were empirics and didn't permit to criate alternatives to actual systems; the livel of social organization is very low; the majority of diseases is consequence of the bad habits of the hygiene and food, lack of enviromment education, sanitation infra structure and control of the endemic diseases transmitteel by insects (malaria); agrarian situations difficulted by redivision of the lots; it has a biodiversity very rich to assure the necessary means of survival; it has a integration and a acknowledgment very strong of the local biodiversity, utilizing more than 400 species for different uses, so as, food, medicine, ornamental, wood and others uses; and it has garanted the conservation of the importants ethnovarieties of the large crops.