Dinâmica da estrutura de espécies arbóreas de Lauraceae Lindl. em uma floresta natural explorada na região de Paragominas, PA.

Abstract

In tropical forests there are hundreds of plant species with timber very useful. Researches have been made with the objective of finding the best way to use these resources, with minimum damage to environment and most profit. The reduced impact logging is one of the better alternatives to the sustainable use of forests, but for this it is necessary to know on the forest structure. There are several species with commercial potential which need more information about its ecological behavior, like for example, the species commonly called louros (Lauraceae), with lot ecological importance and economic, because to supply quality wood excellent, scented oil and substances used in the eating industry, cosmetic and medicinal. The principal objective this work was to analyze the dynamic of Lauraceae species population, in the natural forest of terra firme, where was realized in a forest reduced-impact logging (RIL), in the region of Paragominas-Pará. The researches was realized in 9 hectares of Rio Capim Farm, belonging to CIKEL Brasil Verde Madeiras Ltda., where Lauraceae trees were followed in 36 permanents sample-plots (50m x 50m), aleatoryly distributed in the area, being 12 to plots in unlogged (T0), 12 plots were allocated in logged forest with cutting of boles (T1), and 12 in forest with cutting of boles and harvest of wood residues (T2). The information obtained in the sampleplot with cutting of boles (T1+T2) were analyzed in set, but separately of the data of the unlogged forest (T0). The individuous were measuremented in two classes: small trees (5,0cm ≤ DBH ≤ 9,9cm), young trees; and trees (DBH ≥ 10cm). The sample-plots were validated before the logging, in 2003, and in the next years after logging (2004, 2005 e 2007). The results show that the floristic composition, and the structure of population of Lauraceae, suffered changes coming of logging indicating that same the species that were not cuted in management areas, pass by the process of dynamic after the logging. The structures changing in the forest was subtle, but, when observed isolately each one species, is possible to verify the differences between them. Among the Lauraceae, Ocotea costulata was that have most detached.