Avaliação qualiquantitativa de impactos ambientais aplicada em áreas de reflorestamento no nordeste paraense.

Abstract

This study had as objective evaluate, qualityquantitative, the environmental impacts arising from the activities employed at the stages of implementation and maintaining forest biophysical and socioeconomic factors on the environment, in reforested areas in northeastern Pará. Such evaluation it was made based on identification and characterization qualityquantitative from the environmental impacts, by the methods of interaction matrix of impacts, the descriptive "checklist" and the combination and weighting of attributes, as well the design of minimization measures and enhancement measures from negative and positive impacts, respectively. The matrix of interaction of impacts, considering the striking activities performed, demonstrated that the phase with major ability modifier of the environment is the implantation, featuring 19 impacting activities, while at the stage of maintenance, it was identified 8 activities, making a total of 27 impacting activities. Of the total 469 relations of environmental impacts identified by the interaction matrix for both stages of the enterprise, the implantation was responsible for 381 (81,2%), demonstrating that this is the stage with major impacting capacity. The stage of maintenance presented 88 (18,8%) relations of impacts. Through the "checklist" descriptive it was identified the main negative and positive impacts, and their effects on the environmental compartments especially in the biophysical environment. All shown impacts arise in short and medium term, therefore under the scope and property of the company with respect to the appropriate environmental management. From the total of 51 environmental measures outlined, 37 (72,6%) were of minimization and, 14 (27,4%) were enhancement measures where, most of this measures are preventive, being the responsibility of the company making decisions regarding the sustainable management of the environment. The results reaffirm the requirement to institute the process of evaluation of environmental impact into theirs technical and administrative routine as a tool for environmental planning and management.