Influência da coleta de sementes de Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae) (andiroba) na sua regeneração natural e na socioeconomia: a experiência no projeto de assentamento agroextrativista praialta piranheira, Nova Ipixuna – Pará, Brasil.

Abstract

The use of the seeds of Carapa guianensis Aubl. for the extraction of the oil it is a practice that has been developed since the year of 2005, by the agroextrativista of the Project of Establishment of Praialta Piranheira, located in the municipal of Nova Ipixuna, Southeast of Pará, where that study was developed. He has as objective characterizes the adult population and the natural regeneration of Carapa guianensis Aubl. starting from the density, distribution of sizes and space distribution, to accomplish a diagnosis of the practice relative of collectors of seeds seeking to identify the social benefits; and to analyze the family structure of the collectors of seed of Carapa guianensis Aubl. The methodology involved a forest inventory, accompanied interviews of semi-structured questionnaires and you consult bibliographical. The results presented for the population of the trees adult distribution atypical diamétrica, density varying from 0,26 individuals/ha to 2, individuals /ha and the space distribution of the type joined. The natural regeneration presented a density varying from 0,29 individuals /m² to 0,56 individuals /m², distribution diamétrica of the J-inverted " type " and the joined space distribution. The collection of the seeds is a practice accomplished by the agroextrativistas for ends of extraction of the oil, the process is distributed in four phases, that it is going from the collection in the forests, improvement, production of the oil and commercialization. On average the agroextrativistas use 27,4 kg of seeds to produce 1 liter of oil and during the crops 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 collected 654 seeds/ crop kg on average and of each tree 5,6 seeds/ crop kg was collected. to leave of that use of the seeds, the agroextrativistas started to interact with other institutions, what provided moments of change of knowledge and the obtaining of economical resources (money). This study made possible to conclude that the amount of seeds that you/they were collected didn't influence negatively in the natural regeneration.