Influência do espaçamento, posição radial e tipo de fuste na anatomia do lenho do tachi branco (Tachigali vulgaris) em plantações experimentais na Amazônia.

Abstract

The species Tachigali vulgaris L. G. Silva & H. C. (white tachi), is a pioneer, arboreal species, native to the Amazon region and has ecological, silvicultural and technological characteristics that allow the insertion of the species in plantations for energy purposes. In this sense, assessing anatomical aspects, as well as the influence of planting spacing, radial position and trunk bifurcation, is important to determine the species' energetic potential. The aim of this study was to understand how the initial planting spacing, the radial position and the type of trunk affect the interspecific and intraspecific anatomical variations of the T. vulgaris wood. 8-year-old trees were collected from an experimental plantation, located in the Monte Dourado District, state of Pará. The species were cultivated in different spacing (3 x 1.5 m, 3 x 2 m, 3 x 2.5 m, 3 x 3 m, 3 x 3.5 m and 3x4 m). In the wood, the basic density and macroscopic and microscopic analyzes were evaluated, qualitatively and quantitatively. The macroscopic analysis of the wood showed that the species has characteristics that corroborate with other species of the genus Tachigali. The vessel elements did not show significant differences in the different planting spacing. However, in the marrow-shell sense, it was observed that the vessel frequencies decreased and the diameter and length increased with respect to age. The basic density of the wood and the fiber wall fraction had no effect on planting spacing. The bifurcation in the wood did not affect the composition of the cellular elements. However, in the multivariate analysis groups were formed consisting only of bifurcated trees and groups with single-stemmed trees, showing the effect of the trunk shape on the analyzed variables. The results show that the species has potential for bioenergetic purposes, especially thermo-chemical conversion processes. The species T. vulgaris showed anatomical characteristics similar to other species used commercially for energetic forest plantations.