Análise da variabilidade genética das pisciculturas de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier 1818) do estado do Pará, utilizando marcadores microssatelites.

Abstract

Fish farming in northern Brazil has shown a significant development. The tambaqui being an Amazonian species and the second most cultivated in continental fish farming, has already been the subject of studies of genetic breeding programs developed across Brazil. The main concern in captive creations is to determine the genetic variability of this population, which is the force that gives people ability to withstand environmental pressures and anthropogenic. The determination of the genetic variability is important since it can show the genetic relationship between individuals, communities and even among different species. The present study aims to evaluate the level of variability and genetic relationship, cultivated populations of tambaqui in cities from different regions of the state of Pará, using microsatellite markers. They analyzed 216 tambaquis grown from 10 municipalities of Pará Northeast, West of Pará and southeast of Pará. These were genotyped using a multiplex panel of 10 microsatellite markers and beef tri-nucleotide. They analyzed 216 tambaquis grown from 10 municipalities of Pará Northeast, West of Pará and southeast of Pará. These were genotyped using a multiplex panel of 10 microsatellite markers tri and tetranucleotide. The genetic diversity indices were calculated (expected and observed heterozygosity, number of alleles per locus, allelic richness and allele frequency), the genetic relationship was checked by FST and RST, assigning test genetic signature and Bayesian analysis to determine the number of populations genetically homogeneous The results show that the cultivated populations of tambaqui from the three regions under study showed loss of genetic variability, and are structured genetically, with the formation of two stocks (clusters), an amalgamating all the west of fish farms in Pará and another with the Para northeast and southeast of Pará.