Fitossociologia e expectativa de renda com produto florestal em projeto de assentamento na região do baixo Tapajós, estado do Pará.

Abstract

We analyzed the phytosociological and income expectations of forest products not handled. This research aimed to analyze the structure and the expected income generated by tree species, considering that forest products have demand for marketing in the municipality of Santarém-PA. The study area is located in the community at St. Matthew Moju Settlement Project I and II in the secondary roads km 145 of BR-163, PA-City of placas, Brazilian Amazon. The methodology used was based on forest inventory was carried out through systematic sampling of 11 sample units of fixed area of 50 m x 200 m, a total sample of 11.0 ha. We included all tree species with diameter at breast height (diameter measured at 1.30 m above the ground) – DBH less than 10 cm. Measured by considering the following size classes and perimeter of plot: 50 m x 200 m, all individuals who had ≥ 50cm dbh size class (CT3), in plots of 50 m x 40 m, individuals with 30 cm ≤ DBH <50 cm (CT2), and plots of 50 m x 20 m, individuals with 10 cm ≤ DBH <30 cm (CT1). Forest inventory carried out in 903 individuals were measured with  10 cm dbh (501.6 tree. ha-1), distributed in 48 families and 143 botanical species. The plant families with the highest species richness were: Fabaceae (36), Sapotaceae (13), Lecythidaceae (10), Malvaceae (7), Moraceae (7), Annonaceae (5), Burseraceae (5) and Lauraceae (5). The families represent 61.5% of the number of species, confirming that few botanical families represent a large number of species in dense rain forest. The coefficient of mixing Jentsch (QM) had on average 6.31 individuals per species, the basal area (m². ha-1), 28.77; the Shannon Weaver index (H'), 4.28; Diversity maximum (Hmax), 4.96 and Equability of Pielou (J) 0.86. The results of this study allowed to conclude that the forest had not managed inventory of species with potential non-timber and timber, the forest is a major supplier of non-timber products (NTFPs), which provides various products such as alternative income, the occurrence of species of multiple use in lots of community showed the importance of their functions relate to aspects such as well being and income producing to the community, the management of non-timber species occurring in the community generates benefits for the local population while simultaneously promoting the conservation forest ecosystems; The annual economic return to the management of NTFPs found in lots of community overlaps the annual benefits from timber production or agriculture family, despite the diversity of NTFPs, there are few commercial species, besides their sales limited to a few points trading markets in the region, the activities of logging and NTFP producers to generate higher profits per hectare to the minimum wage in the case of wood, using units of annual production of 8 ha and 80 ha for the collection of NTFPs, the use of timber species and non-timber products on the market today is profitable to the community, provided they are kept planning and forest management.