Descrição da larva e pupa de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus (Enderlein, 1914) (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae) e considerações sobre a infestação em árvores de paricá (Schizolobium parahyba Var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby Fabaceae) no município de Paragominas, Pará, Brasil.

Abstract

The significant increase of large areas of commercial cultivation of paricá (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby) caused the emergence of new insect-plant interactions. Among these new interactions, we identify the fly-the-wood causing damage to plantations of paricá in northeastern of Pará. The fly of the wood belongs to the family Pantophthalmidae, order Diptera (suborder Brachycera), essentially neotropical. In Amazonia, studies on the family Pantophthalmidae are based on the damage caused the forest species and in the identification of adults, with little information on the biology and ecology of the larvae, which are those that cause direct damage to trees. This study aimed to describe morphologically the last instar larva and pupa of Pantophthalmus kerteszianus, define new biometric and morphological structures of immature, determine the number of larval instars and analyze damage to paricá trees. We selected nine paricá tress, attacked by the Timber-fly, obtained in August 2011 for planting in the city of Paragominas, Pará, Brazil. The larvae and pupae collected were killed in boiling water, preserved in 70% alcohol and taken to the laboratory for identification and definition of the main characters to be observed and measured in the larvae and pupae for later determination of instars and morphological description immature. The observations and measurements of the larvae in the laboratory were made by an ocular micrometer attached to a tereomicroscope Zeiss SV11 where various body structures were analyzed and measured: The immature larva and pupa of the species P. kerteszianus were first described. The number of instars of the species P. kerteszianus was determined by biometry and confirmed by the different structures measured, based on the rule of Dyar (1890), this is the only species of the genus that has the number of larval instars determined. Calculated data which allowed the determination of P. kerteszianus has seven larval instars. The holes in the trees are between 30 and 50cm above ground until height of two meters, the average size of the holes was 7.1 ± 1.49mm diameter, the average size of the galleries was 10.1 ± 6cm long with a 6.8 ± 1.48mm wide and 10.3 ± 3.60 cm. Pointed out the need to study the development time from egg to hatching of adults as well as determine the degree of infestation in plantations paricá and definition of procedures for prevention and treatment.