Comportamento silvicultural de espécies arbóreas plantadas em clareiras criadas pela exploração florestal de impacto reduzido na Amazônia oriental.

Abstract

This research aimed at identifying standard silvicultural behavior of native tree species planted in gaps created by reduced impact logging (RIL). The study was carried out in a 700ha area of a terra firme forest where RIL was performed in 2004. Four-hundred gaps were selected divided into three size classes, small (200-400m²), medium (4001-600m²) and large (> 600m²).where 3820 seedlings from 23 species were planted. Seedlings were transplanted from the natural regeneration existing in secondary roads and skid trails, except for Schizolobium parahyba var amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby, whose seedlings were produced in nursery. Assessments occurred in five occasions in 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2011. Survival rates, mean annual height increment, mean annual diameter increment and periodic annual height increment were evaluated. Bagassa guianensis and Dinizia excelsa were attacked by herbivores. Schizolobium parahyba var amazonicum had its survival and growth rates affected by pest attacks. In general growth of all species was restricted by falling threes or branches, by lack of gap cleaning and animal walking in the gaps, which resulted on many broken seedlings. According to the performance of the species in the first six years after planting, we can conclude that: enrichment planting in gaps created by logging can be recommended as forest management practice in the Rio Capim Forest Management Unit; Bagassa guianensis Aubl., Cordia goeldiana Huber, Parkia gigantocarpa Ducke, Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Lecne Planch, Schizolobium parahyba var amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby and Simarouba amara Aubl. are suggested for planting in gaps of all tested sizes; Cedrela odorata L.; Dinizia excelsa Ducke and Sterculia pilosa Ducke are suggested for planting in large gaps; and Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex DC.) Standl. and Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev. are suggested for planting in small gaps.