Viabilidade econômica de sistemas agroflorestais no nordeste paraense.

Abstract

The production systems practiced by farmers in northeast Pará are characterized by the cutting system and burning of primary and secondary vegetation, resulting in soil degradation, emission of greenhouse gases, harm to the health of farmers and rural workers, among other losses caused by this practice. Agroforestry systems (SAF) have been identified as a viable productive solution to replace the slash and burn practice, it involves the simultaneous or sequential planting in the same area of forest plants with crops and / or animals. It is considered an activity that presents risks and uncertainties regarding its economy, with the need for economic evaluations. This paper presents three chapters. The first consists of a literature review on the family farm in a general context and in the Amazon reality, forms of land use and agroecological production alternatives for farmers in the region. The second economically evaluated a sequential agroforestry system in family production unit, deployed in the area prepared with the cutting technique and grinding poultry in the city of Marapanim, Pará, in the planning horizon of twenty years, the discount rate used was 2, 5% per annum (pa). Information regarding the technical coefficients of production, prices of inputs, farm implements and system manpower were collected through collective workshops held in 2008 with the participation of employees farmers tipitamba project, Embrapa, and have been updated for the period from July 2015. revenues were estimated according to the sale of the production of corn crops, cowpea and cassava flour, which is made at the fair of the neighboring city, Igarape-Acu. Selling prices were raised those practiced in the Igarapé-Açu market. The analyzed production system showed economic viability in view of the calculated economic indicators net present value (NPV) corresponding to R $ 8,917.39. The internal rate of return (IRR) presented was 120.98%. The result for the cost benefit ratio (Rb / c), introduced as a result of 1.28, equivalent annual value (EAV) equal to R $ 572.03 and payback period of 3.0. The third chapter aims to evaluate economically two multistrata agroforestry systems, with an organic family and other business and conventional, both located in the municipality of Tomé-Açu, Pará, the planning horizon for thirty years, the interest rates used in the analysis corresponding to 2.5% 7.65% per year. For interest rate of 2.5% the net present value (NPV) showed values equal to R $ 157,714.47 for the SAF1 and R $ 357,469.36 for the SAF2, internal rate of return (IRR) is 75 , 02% and 59.25% for the SAF1 and SAF2 respectively, the equivalent annual value (EAV) equal to R$ 7,535.23, for SAF1 and R $ 17,472.19 for the SAF2, and the reason benefit value (RB/ C) 2.70 to SAF1 and 2.10 and the SAF2. For the rate of 7.65% the net present value (NPV) was R $ 97,224.79 for the SAF1 and R $ 210,998.76 for the SAF2, the equivalent annual value (EAV) equal to R $ 8,352, 66, for SAF1 and R$ 18,742.54 for the SAF2, the cost-benefit ratio (R B / C) and 2.40 to 2.00 SAF1 and the SAF2, the results for the TIR match 75.02 % and 59.25% for the SAF1 and SAF2, respectively, and the payback presented the same results you stop the two interest rates, equal to 3.0 for SAF1 and 4.0 for SAF2. The calculated economic indicators point to the economic viability of the systems.