Avaliação de progenies de Bacabi (Oenocarpus mapora Karsten) em sistema agroflorestal, no município de Santo Antônio do Tauá-Pará.

Abstract

This work had the purpose to evaluate vegetative characters in bacabi progenies established in agroforestry system, with goal to estimate genetics parameters, as well as quantify the genetic variability from that progenies for manner of molecular markers RAPD. An genetic characterization for RAPD was made in 38 progenies, with base in 31 primers RAPD, in leaflets in the young leaf in bacabi seedling. The genetic evaluate of vegetative characters was carried out in 36 progenies in agroforestry system, in the period of 2007 to 2009. The design employed was randomized blocks, with 38 treatments (progenies), two replicates, five plants for parcel. The variables evaluated were plant height (PH); plant diameter (DIAM); number of live leafs (NLL); length of leaf rachis (LLR); number of leaflets pairs (NLP) and leaflet length (LL), and then calculated the rates of absolute growth in height of plants (TCA) and absolute growth rates of the diameter of plants for each progeny. With data obtained by RAPD characterization was generated by a binary matrix to the fragments amplified with the presence (1) and absence (0) band. The dendrogram was obtained by the coefficient of Jaccard and performed the bootstrap analysis of variance and molecular (AMOVA), the vegetation data were submitted to analysis of variance performed with the aid of computacional application in genetics and statistics, program Genes to estimate the genetic parameters, and then calculated the expected gain from selection for the 36 progenies. The 31 RAPD primers generated 138 polymorphic bands, and efficient in the genetic evaluation of progenies, which identify genetic variability and allowing the distinction between more similar and more different. In assessing the vegetative progenies showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) for all characters in the analysis with great experimental precision. Estimates of genetic parameters detected variation between and within the progenies for all traits evaluated. Gains from selection showed high values for AP, LLF, and NLP DIAM, favored by the pressure of selection with an intensity of between 30% and 20% in progenies of bacabi. The progenies showed a considerable level of genetic differentiation between them, suggesting a high genetic variability.