Análise de mercado e viabilidade agroeconômica de limeira ácida ‘Tahiti’ em plantio comercial no leste da Amazônia Brasileira.

Abstract

'Tahiti' acid lime (Citrus latifoliaTanaka) is popularly known as 'Tahiti' lemon or green lemon. In Brazil and in the world, this fruit has great economic importance, whether for the domestic or foreign market. The present study had the general objective of evaluating the market situation and the agroeconomic viability of the 'Tahiti' acid lime tree (C. broadleaf(Yu. tanaka) tanaka) in commercial plantation in order to present results of production, productivity, costs and postharvest losses, contributing to the managerial strategy for the export of citrus fruits from Capitão Poço, Pará, eastern Brazilian Amazon. The research was carried out by Empresa Lima Citros in the municipality of Capitão Poço located at coordinates 1º44'42''S 47º03'54''W, 206 km from Belém, capital of the state of Pará/Brazil. The Company has administrative headquarters and facilities at Fazenda Lima I, but has more production areas in different farms of the same group with plantations for export of 'Tahiti' lime fruits and other crops. Field surveys were carried out in the production areas and in the 'Tahiti' acid lime processing sheds, in the period from 2019 to 2022 in order to understand the entire process of harvesting and postharvesting the fruit, in addition to evaluating the profitability and commercialization process of the farm. For the economic analysis, a planning horizon of 5 years was considered and the estimates of costs, revenues and cash flow of a block that has 1 hectare of cultivation, the estimated values from the cash flow, with a planning horizon of 5 years, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), benefit-cost ratio (B/C) . The results show that there is a concentration of fruit supply in the months of January to April of the first half of the year and the farm's fruit productivity corresponds to the technical coefficients of the cultivar with good productive performance and adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the municipality of Capitão Poço. The percentages of losses were obtained by the formula: % Losses = ((F.Adq.- Commerce))/(F.Adq)×100. The present research reached important information for the commercial production of 'Tahiti' lime ( Citrus latifoliaTanaka) in Capitão Poço/PA, considering all the economic importance of the fruit for the world, Brazil (5th worldwide position) and the State of Pará (2nd national position) in the year 2020, and also the participation of Capitão Poço in national production and worldwide with the export of the fruit. The fruit yield of 'Tahiti' acid lime in the studied property corresponds to the technical coefficients of the cultivar with good productive performance and adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the municipality. The economic feasibility analysis demonstrates that the initial investment is viable with a positive NPV and a cost-benefit ratio greater than 1, with emphasis on production sold to the foreign market. And finally, the international market demands greater conformity of the company's production, and the results are presented with the low percentages during the year and the highest in the first semester (average of 3.10%), but measures are still necessary to minimize losses and increase the fruit yields in the company in the first half of the year for the citrus industry in the Amazon.