Criação de bubalinos em comunidades da reserva extrativista “Verde para Sempre”, em Porto de Móz, Pará.

Abstract

This thesis examines the buffaloes creation and production activities associated, based on riverside family farming practices, creating products, rents and income from farming, environmental interactions associated with these creations, families, communities and environment in the Extractive Reserve "Verde para Sempre" (01 ° 31'50" and 02 ° 47'55 "S and 52 º 06'43" and 53 º 23'06 "W). The research is part of an initiative coordinated by Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, in partnership with the ICMBIO. The shares were jointly developed the project "Sustainable Alternatives for income generation in the community of extractive reserve Verde para Sempre (Porto de Moz, Pará)" and involved the local community through participatory strategic planning. Data collection occurred in the field in a community floodplain area (Cuieiras) and a transition (Carmelino) due to major realities present in REVPS and the creation of buffaloes. The survey data was based on secondary information, interviews with key informants and individual semi-structured interdisciplinary screenplays (ten and nine interviews, respectively) and thematic panels. We interviewed all creators of buffaloes and / or cattle in the communities at the time of the trips in 2009 and 2010. The script contained 367 objective and subjective questions. Chapter I deals with the initial considerations and theoretical. Chapter II begins by data availability and general improvements and machinery. Chapter III addresses the livestock inventory, management and marketing and other income. The Chapter IV studies the buffaloes interrelationships with families and environment. Data were statistically analyzed using parametric and / or nonparametric, according to the variables nature. In Chapter II it was found that the main structures for productive activities were the corrals, flour mills, dairies, marombas and boats. The communities had similar labor for their activities, with mostly male. The education was greater in the floodplain. The generations in the area and succeeded in traditional activities. The community showed lower transition dedication to creating buffaloes with greater expertise in creating floodplain. The productive structure was simple and similar in the two communities. Had water and electricity access. In Chapter III different occurrences are observed in floodplain and transition areas, and both the buffalo breeding is important productive activity. In lowland flocks were growing. The buffaloes were predominant in relation to cattle and are raised in extensive systems with low adoption of technologies. The milk extraction is highlighted with emphasis on the floodplains in cheese production. Fishing and flour supplement income and swine farms and poultry contribute to food security. Families are assisted by government programs. In Chapter IV, there was adaptation of buffaloes transition areas and floodplain. At first there was a decrease in the importance of 24 animal husbandry and second, the acceptance of animals is greater. There was a tendency to expansion of activity in the floodplain. Emphasize the importance of man in these adverse conditions. In lowland areas, one sees greater benefit ratio.