Prospecção de bacterias em solos de raízes de dendezeiro (Elaeise guineense), com potencial para promoção de crescimento vegetal.

Abstract

From the fruits of the oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), approximately 46% of the world's edible oils are extracted. Additionally, they play a significant role in the production of cosmetics, food, and biofuels. However, achieving satisfactory productivity requires substantial application of chemical fertilizers. An environmentally friendly alternative is the use of growth-promoting microorganisms to enhance fertilizer efficiency. This study aims to explore, select, and identify growth-promoting bacteria associated with the roots of oil palm trees. Plant samples were collected from a commercial oil palm plantation (Marborges S.A.) in the Moju municipality, Pará. A total of 37 bacterial strains were selected and preserved in glycerol for in vitro evaluation of their ability to promote plant growth. Among these, 16 strains were further subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Nine different genera were identified, with three prevailing genera being Klebsiella sp, Enterobacte, and Rossellomerea. Therefore, this study reveals that the rhizosphere of the sampled oil palm plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) harbors a diverse array of bacteria with multiple plant growth-promoting characteristics. The identified bacteria exhibited a high level of inorganic phosphate solubilization, with the strain P36 (Achromobacter sp.) showing the highest solubilization index. Additionally, only the isolate P27 demonstrated nitrogen-fixing and ACC deaminase synthesizing capabilities. Furthermore, an uncharacterized bacterium, Pectobacterium sp., was also identified in this study.