Sistemas naturais e sistemas sociais na produção extrativista de várzea no município de Santa Bárbara do Pará, estado do Pará-Brasil.

Abstract

The systems of the Amazon estuary floodplain are wetlands that harbor traditional populations that derive from the environment, resources for maintenance and reproducing family. The objective of this tesis was to know relations that families develop from natural resources through general systems theory (Bertalanffy, 1975; Odum et.al., 1987) and social systems theory (Loomis, 1960). We selected six hectares in floodplain forest, two plots in the community Aracy and four plots in the community Furo das Marinhas, in Santa Barbara of Pará, Pará / Brazil. Each hectare measuring 100 x 100 m, was realized the measurement of individual trees and palm from 10 cm CAP - circumference at height 1, 30 m of soil, collecting height, types of use and traditional management practices, number of plants açaí palm, number of regrowth and number of stems extracted; to interview the 20 families living in floodplain area and 20 families residents of terra-firme, questionnaires has been applied. The forest analysis was made using the horizontal phytosociology of the program Mata Nativa 2. The social analysis derived from the social system theory and the fluxes of energy derived from Odum’s model and social elements of the Loomis, two using the systemic methodology. The floristic wealth is formed of 78 species, only seven are used by extractive, species with more importance phytosociology were Euterpe oleracea Mart., Simphonia globulifera L.F. e Carapa guianensis Aubl.; family floodplain interact seven subsystems and terra-firme residents interact in eight subsystems, existing discontinuities in the flow of energy, have higher discontents with the political and health subsystems, however, the satisfactions of family are in relation to production subsystems, education, recreation and religion.