Avaliação dos atributos do solo sobre a Incidência do Amarelecimento Fatal em Palma de óleo.

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an extremely important crop for Pará, the main oil palm producing state in Brazil. However, producers face a significant challenge due to the incidence of a disease known as Fatal Yellowing (FA) of the oil palm, the etiology of which is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological, chemical and granulometric attributes of the soil in relation to the incidence of Fatal Yellowing of the oil palm. The study was carried out in a 31.55-acre cultivation area belonging to the Palmasa S/A agro-industry. located in the municipality of Igarapé-açu. Soil samples were collected at 100 points, distributed on a regular 40 m x 40 m grid. The samples were submitted to EMBRAPA's BioAs analysis to assess the soil's biological, chemical and granulometric attributes. The BioAs attributes and PA incidence were then interpolated using ordinary kriging to obtain prediction maps. The results suggest that areas with a higher incidence of AF had a higher clay, magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) content, as well as higher soil biological activity, represented by the indices Biological SQI, F1 - Nutrient cycling, β-glucosidase and Arylsulphatase. These areas were also characterised by lower elevations and lower available phosphorus (P) content.