Sustentabilidade da pesca artesanal na jusante da usina hidrelétrica (uhe) de Tucuruí, estado do Pará.

Abstract

The Tucuruí hydroelectric power plant (HPP) in the State of Pará is presented as a change factor, especially under the social and environmental point of view, since the implementation of the project contributed to the imbalance of the Tocantins River ecosystem. In this sense, the challenge for governments is, mainly, in the implementation of public policies, in order to ensure the sustainability of the river and the ribeirinhosaccess to fisheries resources. The main goal of this study was to analyze the industrial fishery, held at the downstream of the Tucuruí Hydroelectric dam about environmental change viewpoints produced in the Tocantins River and assessment of fish stocks in the light of the management of renewable resources in common use. From the hypothesis that, in spite of the artisanal fishers of the downstream Tucuruí hydroelectric power station deal with the negative effects produced by the construction of the dam in about three decades, in particular, the reduction of the fishing stocks and poor water quality, the activity can be developed on a sustainable basis, provided that appropriate measures are taken. The primary data were collected in the municipalities of Baião, Mocajuba and Cametá, located at the downstream of the Tucuruí Hydroelectric, and the secondary were governmental and local fishermen's colonies. The search results indicate: unsatisfactory performance of small-scale fishery due to the degradation of the conditions imposed by the dam and river by over-exploitation, fishermen‟s low income level and knowledge; investment opportunities in public policy for the area; and the existence of some level of political-institutional organization, through fishery agreements, which represent a major breakthrough in the fishermen struggle for in search of better living conditions.