Estoque de carbono, composição bioquímica em diferentes partes da planta e análise econômica de plantios de açaizeiros (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) em sistemas agroflorestais no município de Tomé-Açu, PA.

Abstract

Considering the possibility of agricultural projects and/or forestry generate certified emissions reduced - RECs and be eligible to the Clean Development Mechanism - CDM, the present study aimed to determine the amount stored carbon and evaluate growth based on mass drought, the plant organs (leaflets, arrow, petiole + rachis, stem, meristem, stems, fruits) x age (from 2 to 7 years), and the economic viability without carbon credits, the generation of the ESRB in açai. The evaluations were conducted on farms in the city of Tome Açu, PA, and chemical evaluations were performed at the Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém, Pará The biomass of the plant components were quantified using the direct method by collecting material from the shoots. Four palm trees were sampled for each age, totaling 24 plants. The cumulative amount of carbon bodies suffered only interaction age x to fruits which values ranged from 37.025 to 37.094 mg g-1 , in accordance with increasing age. To dry, organs stipe, flexa and leaflets showed a linear behavior with outputs ranging from 0.439 to 42.388 kg 0.068 to 0.767 kg 0.505 to 4.347 kg, respectively, for the stems, fruits, meristem, petiole + rachis showed behavior quadratic regression with yields ranging from 1.172 to 1.524 kg 1.872 to 4.685 kg 2.283 to 4.868, 0.205 to 2.355 kg, respectively, from the 2nd to the 7th year of age. For carbon accumulation, observed significant interaction between age and organs of plants, with linear growth increasing to stipe and flexa, and quadratic polynomial for the other parts of the plant, stalk, leaflets, fruits, meristem, petiole + rachis, with the following variations of production: 23.85 to 1203.53 kg ha-1, 2.94 to 22.94 kg ha-1, 56.27 to 45.37 kg ha-1; 20.214 to 145 , 32 kg ha-1, 86.95 to 126.24kg ha-1, 437.261 to 145.62 kg ha-1 , 9.04 to 80.86 kg ha-1. The values found for the biochemical variables were statistically significant. Quantification of RECs and economic analysis were performed in a planning horizon of twenty-five years and used the economic evaluation criteria: Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return and Annual Value Equivalent. The discount rate was 10% per year. The project proved to be economically viable for any simulation. The stock of CO2 in planting açaí after 25 years was 91.13 t CO2 ha-1, therefore, concludes that the açai is a culture capable of storing carbon in their biomass for a long period of time. But the inclusion of RECs is important to improve the economic viability and, consequently, for the development of the state of Pará; culture has characteristics favorable to the approval by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in the form of CDM provided for in Protocol Kyoto.