Agrobiodiversidade de quintais agroflorestais: manejo e estratégia de conservação em projeto de colonização na Amazônia brasileira.

Abstract

This thesis proposes a debate over the creation of local technologies, provides that the practices of farmers be linked to scientific knowledge and are illuminating the continuous process of rural development from its endogenous conception. The aim of this thesis is characterize and evaluate agrobiodiversity of homegardens called local technology. The structure, floristic and environmental aspects were studied. Six properties were inventoried in the San Antonio community, the city of Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Also they were heard the wielder of each yard and two former residents. 522 individuals comprising 90 species and 53 families were sampled. The family with the highest number of species were Asteraceae. The species intended for human consumption (32%) dominated the area and frequently were Persea americana Mill., Psidium guajava L., Carica papaya L. and Allium fistulosum L. Analysis of Species Importance coefficient (CIE) allowed indicate how Euterpe oleracea Mart potentially commercial., Annona muricata L., Carica papaya L. Psidium guajava L. and Carapa guianensis Aubl., whose management should be favored within the yards, and there may be their introduction in batches. Most species was introduced (78%), with predominance of subshrubs (40%) and wood (22%). The use of family labor, predominantly women, prevalence of food species and a low dependence on external inputs indicated autonomy and food and nutrition security. These high-capacity signal management results, high degree of knowledge and income generation possibilities. Found be compatibility between the component time and the increase of number of species. To determine the cultivation units and in situ preservation banks should be suggested management criteria for farmers so that they have ownership of those strategies are therefore effectively designed as a local technology and as a result, biodiversity losses are avoided by lack of means of social reproduction of families, lack motivation or community. If encouraged from the perspective of regional policies each location technology is a possibility of development trajectory that subverts it is said beneficial for the Amazonian communities, from the perspective of exogenous models.