Empreendedorismo feminino no agronegócio: uma análise na região de Paragominas, Estado do Pará.

Abstract

The global scenario witnesses the growth of female entrepreneurship, highlighting Brazil as one of the countries with the most entrepreneurs in the world. Within this panorama, agribusiness, one of the most prominent sectors of the Brazilian economy, plays a crucial role in generating wealth. The rise of women in this context not only contributes significantly to innovation, employment and income, but also increasingly positions women in management and decision-making positions. Considering the importance of female entrepreneurship and the increasingly frequent presence of women in the countryside, this Thesis aims to identify the profile and analyze the entrepreneurial skills of women who work in different agribusiness chains in the immediate region of Paragominas. The region comprises the municipalities of Ulianópolis, Mãe-do-Rio, Dom Eliseu, Aurora do Pará, Ipixuna and Paragominas and has established itself as the largest agribusiness hub in the state of Pará, which currently ranks among the one hundred largest agricultural financiais centers in the country. To fulfill this objective, the research first carried out a Systematic Literature Review on female entrepreneurship in agribusiness, in Brazil and in the world, in the best evaluated journals, from 2000 to 2022. It identified research gaps. Study trends in the main databases. It assessed the growth of the field in recent years and presented future research directions. To characterize the entrepreneurial profile of women relating social, demographic, economic and professional aspects. The research presented an investigation, through an exploratory descriptive research with intentional sampling, with quantitative and qualitative variables, which characterized and measured the female presence in rural areas, identifying the peculiar characteristics and the main challenges faced by them. The field research took place in person, between the months of May and June 2023. It included a sample of 103 women who hold management positions or work directly in the direction of businesses related to different agribusiness chains. The results revealed a diverse social profile, predominantly women aged 31 to 43, Catholic, mixed race, with completed higher education, married, undertaking mainly agricultural production. In the entrepreneurial aspect, women revealed a capacity for discernment, confidence in the decisions made and a constant search for overcoming obstacles to achieve their goals. To analyze women's entrepreneurial skills, the research carried out a survey using the Q-Methodology guidelines for data analysis. With the help of a board game with 42 statements related to the main categories of competencies listed in the existing literature. A statistical analysis of the participants' points of view was carried out. Which revealed specific entrepreneurial skills, such as leadership, innovation and resilience, and finally, contextualized these skills within the Female Entrepreneurial Skills Framework. Given the significant number of women managing their own businesses, this research stands out as an essential contribution to supporting public policies aimed at this segment, promoting entrepreneurship in a broad and enriching way both in the academic and social spheres.