Produção sustentável de pimenta-do-reino em tutor vivo de gliricídia no estado do Pará: Bases econômicas e de qualidade.

Abstract

Black pepper is the most important spice traded in the world and as it is a commodity, the market trend is to sell products originating from sustainable production systems, with a relevant contribution from the use of live tutor Gliricidia sepium L. replacing the estacão (dead stalk), in the production of black pepper. However, the adoption of this technology is limited due to the scarcity of information (irrigation, spacing, nutrition, management, among other production factors) on the interactions between the behavior of black pepper cultivars and this type of tutor, for consolidation of a sustainable production system. Therefore, the study consists of identifying the appropriate irrigation and fertilization conditions in which the black pepper crop grown in a live tutor has the water and nutritional requirements met for production with quality and economic viability in the Northeast of Pará. With the use of irrigation, there was a lower water demand with the use of Gliricidia sepium in the two-line irrigation system, and lower cost. The implementation of the live gliricidia tutor, with lower costs compared to the dead tutor, ensures financial resources for the adoption of irrigation. When establishing the crop, the minimum fertilization levels must be adhered to (60g of urea, 40g of P2O5 and 70g of K2O per plant), which are equivalent to the fertilization recommendation in the literature. The quality of black pepper produced with the use of gliricidia increased in relation to density, ether extract and piperine indices. The results of this study indicate evident contributions of the use of live gliricidia tutor in the economic circularity of the black pepper chain. In this scenario, it is recommended the establishment of public policies aimed at the development and validation of technological innovations that ensure increased productivity, product quality and reduced risks in the black pepper production chain.