Avaliação do desflorestamento e sua relação com a dinâmica de ocupação agropecuária no Estado do Pará

Abstract

The occupation process in the state of Pará, Brazil, has been given in a slow way, due to its large extension. However, since the decade of 1960, the military govemment decided to create proper conditions to incentivize national development, initiating several agncultural projects that triggered the deforestation of large areas destined to cattle and grain monoculture. Those activities create new agricultures frontiers, consequently increasing the deforestation. This work aims to characterize the deforestation spatial temporal dynamics in the state of Pará, analyzing its regions between the years 2000 and 2009. It was used data ffom the monitoring project of Amazon forest (PRODES) from the National Spatial Research Institute (INPE), and data about agriculture and cattle producíion from the national geography and statics institute - IBGE. The results showed the deforestation process in the state of Pará has decreased, which taxes from years 2000 to 2009 were drastically reduced hy 82,5%. The southwest and southeast regions of Pará have presented higher deforestation taxes. In ali extension ofthe state of Pará, the deforestation pattem is diffuse, represented by small agricultura! producers, as well as the geometric pattem represented by large farms' activities. The back-bone fish pattem was present mostly in the lower Amazon Region, Southwest and Southwest regions of Pará, characterized by the occurrence of planned settlements. The dynamics' occupation of temporary farming has increased mainly by soybean expansion, especially in the lower Amazon Region. Moreover, the results also indicate a strong correlation between temporary farming and deforestation, whereas cattle farming activity, although increased during this period, has not shown any association with deforestation.