Diagnóstico no Município de São José do Povo: migrações, assentamentos, segurança alimentar e outros fatores de base para o desenvolvimento local.

Abstract

The research comes from the researcher's concern with the question of the land possession must ensure the food safety of the family. However despite the programs and projects to ensure the self - sustainability, Brazil continues to show high mobility among households at all levels of properties, including young people. To answer that concern the research activities were implemented based on the São José do Povo municipality headquarters and the “assentamento” Padre Josimo Tavares, where the researcher is developing activities with the community seeking the welfare and development. The results were divided into six chapters, with the core sustainability of communities in rural areas, focusing on the exodus concern, especially among young people. The first chapter DESCRIPTION OF SÃO JOSE DO POVO MUNICIPALITY AND PADRE JOSIMO TAVARES “ASSENTAMENTO” features and compares the local community and with other descriptions of the literature focusing on the sustainability of the municipality and “assentamento”. The information was obtained from documents and directly from the community by interviews and questionnaires. In the second chapter MIGRATION, LAND AND FOOD SECURITY: STUDY CASE OF SÃO JOSE DO POVO MUNICIPALITY, MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, deals with controversial land distribution in Brazil. Between 40 and 50th years there were many migratory movements in Brazil, most often from the Northeast toward the big cities of the Southeast of the country. The population of São José do Povo municipality headquarters, on Mato Grosso Brazilian State, located in the Midwest region of the country, was one of the regions receiving migrants. One of these migrations in particular, was from Jampucra, Minas Gerais State for the region where today is the city of São José do Povo, MT. The hypothesis established that this migration took place due to the need to ensure food safety in its main concept. The research started from the experience of the researcher, whose family took part in this migration. To retrieve the information has been used documents and information obtained by direct interviews. Many of those interviewed emphasized the problems faced with food access due to insufficient income and land in the county. Was also noted the misuse of natural resources that are depleted and forced residents to seek new lands. The hypothesis that food security

was the axis responsible for the migration of Jampucra community to São José do Povo was confirmed, but left open the question of why the land possession was to able assure necessary sustainability to the communities. From this research it became clear that the misuse of natural resources was created insecurity conditions in the origin place and that this phenomenon could recur in the new location. The research also showed the importance of social organization to reach sustainability. In second chapter CONTRIBUTION OF THE RELIGION FOR LOCAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE ORGANIZATION "Handshake" ACTIONS was given emphasis on the role of the Catechist Franciscan Sisters from Santa Teresa do Menino Jesus county, with the community of the Diocese of Cuiaba, MT. Among the “assentamento” people that the sisters act, is the “assentamento” Padre Josimo Tavares, one of which is the "Handshake" Organization engendered and following by the sisters, with the concern with the political struggles and commitment with social transformation. Although it is known the participation of some sectors of the Catholic Church in the struggle for land, the methodology used to meet the community is still an open question. In response to this question since late 1999 the sisters (as well as other sectors of the Church) have been taking action to get closer to the settlers and build together the alternatives for a local development. To do this when once exhausted the link at the beginning of the land struggle it is necessary to have the confidence of the community in an environment of social destabilization of rural communities. The results identified the actions of the sisters as being able of generating confidence among the project participants, which may be produces more sustainable. Once it is identified the need for "development agent" in the case the Franciscan Sisters Catechists approaching the community to understand their problems, there was a concern of the researcher in relation to land exodus after the land posses. In the rural area of Brazil the youth has been received notable attention in view of their importance for sustainability in rural areas, identified as the continuity of the projects dreamed by his parents. Chapter SATISFACTION EXPECTATIONS OF HIGH SCHOOL YOUNG STUDENTS, ON THE RURAL POPULATION SÃO JOSE DO POVO MUNICIPALITY, MT, come from the fact detected in the Brazilian countryside that young people are leaving the field and going into town. The question that arises then is that if young people leave the land, what will be the future for family farms? So the research was concerned with the need to understand this sector, their hopes and dreams, and the prospects for human development in rural areas, key aspect to arrive for local development. To conduct the study were selected four key points for

local development occurs: Food Security, Education, Health and Leisure and conducted a survey sample with the high school students from the José do Povo municipality headquarters’ School “Ludovico Vieira de Camargo”, analyzing the structure and organization of the municipality, the several assentamento and the expectations of young residents. The hypothesis was established that the unsustainability may be due to failure in one or more of these factors. The results showed that students are going to the city, mainly to search jobs, which puts in doubt the sustainability from the land. It was also been identified by young people the insecurity in the four factors listed as a basis for local development. Faced this reality that young, ever consider the field as good to live and leisure, the city continues to attract them. The researcher tried to investigate to what extent these same four factors already used to assess the sustainability of youth could explain the abandonment of the field by their families. The question would be the escape of young consequence or result of the lack of basic conditions in rural areas? In this case, what are the prospects for local development? Chapter DIAGNOSIS OF PADRE JOSIMO TAVARES ASSENTAMENTOT, SÃO JOSÉ DO POVO MUNIPALITY- MT, BASED ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR FOOD SECURITY, EDUCATION, HEALTH AND LEISURE returned the issue already analyzed with the young people, with the proposal to review the set for Food Safety, Education, Health and Leisure, as basic factors for achieving sustainable local development, focusing on the community as a whole, with the nesting territory Tavares Center of the City of São Jose do Povo Municipality, MT. The methodology used was of exploratory aspect one. Field research was made by analyze the collection of local documents, observation of the community and a questionnaire used on fifty-five families in the assentamento. The results confirm the lack of sustainability already seen in the young previous Chapter. The immediate survival is guaranteed in the assentamento through a rich and varied food, but the essential pillars for Local Development, Food Security, Education, Health and leisure, are under threat, leading to insecurity and dissatisfaction in residents of the assentamento, despite the "enchantment" of the families on the conquered land.