Distribuição espacial e temporal do amarelecimento fatal em plantio orgânico de palma de óleo (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) na Amazônia Oriental.

Abstract

Important source of vegetable oil, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is presented as one ofthe best alternatives in reducing the consumption of fóssil fuels and also very important in the food and cosmetic industry. Among other plant diseases, oil palm oil palm suffers with Fatal Yellowing (FY); a disease characteristic of Latin America and affects mainly countries such as Colombia, Suriname and Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of FY in organic farming area, from 2001 to 2015, in 140 plots georeferenced in Acará city, State of Pará. The spatial and temporal distribution of diseased plants indicate that FY in the area, started ffom seedlings already infected that were planted randomly in the area in 2001, adjusted to model pure nugget effect. From 2002 to 2015, geostatistical models adjusted were Exponential and Gaussian, indicating aggregation of diseased plants in the area. Neighboring plants to the initial outbreaks were also infected with preferred direction of the infestation to lower areas. This dispersion elucidates a probable biotic cause ofthe disease.