Influência do espaçamento e da cobertura do solo com leguminosas sobre o crescimento do paricá.

Abstract

This paper aimed to evaluate the influence of the spacing and the covering of the soil ground with leguminous on the growth of the paricá. The experimental area is located in the Vigia, Pará, Brazil. The experiment design was carried out in a randomized complet blok, in splitsplot, with three replicates. The combinations of the association of the different spacings of the paricá, with two covering leguminous were: Cl (5. amazonicum 4m x 2m with Cajanus cajan 0,5m x 0,5m); C2 (S. amazonicum 4m x 2m with Canavalia ensiformis 0,5m x 0,5m); C3 (5. amazonicum 4m x 4m with C. cajan 0,5m x 0,5m); C4 (5. amazonicum 4m x 4m with C. ensiformis 0,5m x 0,5m); C5 {S. amazonicum 4m x 6m with C. cajan 0,5m x 0,5m); C6 (5. amazonicum 4m x 6m with C. ensiformis 0,5m x 0,5m); monoculture (5. amazonicum 4m x 4m). The results obtained showed that the direct sowing is a viable alternative for the establishment of plantings of S. amazonicum, since used efficient methods for dormancy break and control of attacks of insects in the phase of seedlings establishment. The association of the space with the covering leguminous, as well as the time, affected the growth of the paricá in height and diameter; however this species was favored by larger spaces. The covering leguminous, in general, promoted the growth in height and diameter of the paricá, however the best performance of this Caesalpiniaceae was observed with the covering of the C. ensiformis associated to larger spaces. The use of reduced spaces it contributes to smaller diversity and wealth of the weeds species. The leguminous C. cajan and C. ensiformis limited the growth of weed species, resulting in a high difference among the two evaluations in the experimental area. The consortium with C. ensiformis provided smaller infestation along the time. The use of covering leguminous influences the floristic composition and the communities' of weed structure, improving the performance of the paricá in relation to the growth.