A Colonização de corpos, corações e mentes: educação e higienismo em escritos de periódicos pedagógicos no Pará (1891-1912).

Abstract

The study approaches Education and Hygienism. The objective is analyze the relationship between education and hygienism in Latin America and the materialization in the speeches of men of science, in the periodic of education produced in Brazil, Pará State, published between the years 1891 to 1919, to understand the epistemic sense that assumed. In this sense, this thesis proposes the question: in the context of Latin American colonialism, which senses had the discourses that was related education and hygienism produced by Pará men of science, between the years 1891-1912, materialized in educational joumals? Therefore, was adopted the document and literature. Epistemologically, has guided us in New Cultural History and Theory colonialist. The papers that was read in the research is composit of articles of educational periodicals published: "Revista de Educação e Ensino", "A Escola" and "Revista do Ensino". For their analysis were articulated others documents such as, educational legislation (scholar regiment, decrees and opinions); Reports of govemment agencies responsible for instruction and health in Brazil, particularly in Pará. The results show that when dealing with education in association with the medical-hygienist ideology, the constant publications in periodicals produced representations that denied the knowledge of populations originating from the mainland and other less considered, such as black people and poor white people. These productions the students of these populations are compared to the wax and plants because they are fragile and influenced by the action of adults considered uncivilized. Then, the speeches in defense of cleaning the space, time and school activities indicated in the periodic try to shape bodies, hearts and minds of children and adolescents in a case where the colonialism of power is manifested in its epistemological fields (colonialism of knowledge) and ontological (colonialism of being). Therefore, the argument of this study is that the doctor-hygienic rationality embodied in the discourses of men of science present in educational journals produced in the State of Pará, Brazil, published between 1891-1912 confirmed the colonialism which arose in Latin America.