BOLETIM DA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS DO PARÁ, n. 19, 1990

Abstract

1) This work was realised by atomic absorption flame emission spectrophotometer, speclrograph and photoeletric colorimeter, in order to make a quantitative analysis of the chemical elements of the mollusc Teredo sp (Turú), in which the relatively abundant calcium quantification confirms its use by country people as an auxiliary element in their nutrition. Is characterizes the use of calcium carbonate in the shell, "paletles" and calcareos tunnels composition on wood. Sodium, potassium and olher elements such as Si, Ti, Mg, Fe and P, detected, are importam for the structural developmenl of the mollusc.

2) This work was realised by diffraction and fluorescence Phillips equipments, by getting through diffractogram and X-ray spectra, qualitative analysis of the crystalline and elementary content of the Teredo sp (Turú), in which it was shown that head constitution is almost exclusively formed by aragonite and calcite, visceral mass and coat, formed by Ca, K, S, P, Cl, Si, Fe and Ti. They differ from each other in terms of the relative amount of lhe chemical elements above.

3) Slephanuriasis: occurence, prevalence and macroscopic alterations in swines from Pará and Maranhão State. A study involving 9442 slaughtered swines from intensive husbandry establishments and from small-scale farms in Belém, Pará States showed the occurence of the Stephanurus dentatus in booth types of animais. The slephanuriasis prevalence was 9,9%, wich ranged from 1,3% to 19,9%. The observed alterations were hepatitis, hephatic cirrhosis, peri-hepatilis, flebitis nephritis and circulatory disturbances of kidncy, fibrosis and adherence os kidney capsule, pyelitis, ureterilis, hydronephrosis, cysts nodules and abcess in the peri-renal tissues. Hygienic and sanitary aspects relaled to the parasitism were those of the contents of the nodules and abcess.

4) Cistis of a protozoan which has morphological characteristics from Sarcocystis were observed in cardiac muscle of water buffalo; the cists were fusiform and runded by a thin membrane with trophozots inside cameras delimited by septs of wall. Tha't a rare case of this trophozoits in water buffalo from Brazil.

5) In a study of 600 water buffaloes (400 male and 200 female) was found a prevalence of 65.5% of renal pathology and within 0.99% were hydronephrosis which showed an excessive dilalation of the calyces and ureter by liquid associated with parenquimal atrophy and cortico medular constriction, with a general thickeness of capsule which was completely adhered. All the findings were unilateral with compensatory hypertrophy of lhe contralateral organ. In two cases which was possible to examine lhe ureter, it was found stenosis, one of cicatricial aspect and other of congenital origin. In three cases it was found a predominance of intersticial nephritis and in another one fibrosis. Microscopycally, beyond of inflamation and fibrosis, it was observed hypertrophy of the blood vassels, dilatalion of the convulted tubules and formation of micropolycysticareas.

6) Utilizing disponible data its was made a tentative os stablish standards of limits of tolerance to the erosin for the amazon sotls, taking in account the depth, the texture relation, the choice of the horizons, the bulk density, as well as the criteria adopted for the textural relation. The values of medium tolerance of loss of earth for the sotls vary from 10,43 to 16,80 t/ha/year to soils with latossolic B and from 7,79 to 9,33 t/ha/year for the soils with textural B. The use and the management to be adopted can be adequately stablished by the values of loss of earth by erosion determinned according to the characteristics of the soils.