Biomassa, estoques de nutrientes e matéria orgânica leve do solo de vegetação de pousio sob diferentes manejos em sistema de corte-e-trituração na Amazônia Oriental.

Abstract

The practice of slash-and-burn is the basis of traditional agriculture in the tropics and subtropics and in recent years has become unsustainable. The adoption of alternative techniques as improved fallow and slash-and-mulch can promote productivity and provide great potential for sustainability of agricultural systems in Eastern Amazon. The improvement of fallow vegetation with tree legumes can promote accumulation of biomass and nutrients at higher levels than spontaneous fallow, affecting positively the productivity of agricultural crops. The grinding of biomass stocks minimizes the negative of fire effects improving chemical, physics and biological soil quality. This study aimed to compare biomass and nutrient stocks of the shoot, litter, fine and intermediate roots of a 23 months fallow vegetation under different managements: (1) natural fallow, (2) enriched fallow with leguminous trees (Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel and Inga edulis Mart.) and (3) natural vegetation enriched with leguminous trees under phosphorus low solubility fertilization, and addition assess the effects of treatments on soil quality. The experiment was conducted for 36 months in a slash-and-mulch system, in the São João community, Marapanim, Eastern Amazonia. The results showed that the management of fallow vegetation accumulated greater amounts of biomass and nutrient stocks and the sequence fallow-crop of slashand-mulch system improves soil quality.