Anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Brucella abortus e Leptospira sp. em suínos do estado do Pará.

Abstract

Swine production in Pará State, Brazil, is mainly a family labor that occurs in small to medium-sized properties. The low technological levei employed favours the onset and spread of both herd and zoonotic diseases. Thus, considering the importance of pigs for subsistence and income of amazonic populations, the present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Brucella abortus, Leptospira sp. in pigs from Pará State. Serum samples of 310 pigs from the Mesoregions Metropolitana de Belém, Nordeste Paraense and Marajó, were picked up directly in the farms or in slaughterhouses for research of anti-T. gonii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, by indirect imunofuorescência antibody test (IFAT), and anti-B. abortus, by rosa belgal test (RBT). Part of the samples (n=305) was send to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for detection of Leptospira sp antibodies. The occurrence of seropositives was 6.77% for T. gondii, 5.16% for N. caninum, 5.16% for B. abortus and 1.61% for Leptospira sp. There was no statistical difference between samples from farms and slaughters, except for B. abortus (0% and 31.3%, respectively). The results obtained in slaughter with and without inspection service were not statisticaly different. In the Mesoregion Metropolitana de Belém, the highest frequency was for N. caninum (5.17%) and the lowest for B. abortus (0.0%), in the Mesoregion Nordeste Paraense the highest frequency was for Leptospira sp. (6.11%) and the lowest for B. abortus (0.44%) and in the Mesoregion Marajó the largest frequency was for T. gondii (21.4%) and the lowest for Leptospira sp. (0.0%). The investigation of risk factors revealed that the presence of cats reduces the infection rate by T. Gondii in pigs. Risk factor to N. Caninum were: discharge of effluents into the soil, use manpower family and feeding with remnants of butcher. From the amount of results obtained this study it was concluded that the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii, N. caninum, B. abortus and Leptospira sp. in the investigated population is low; the frequency of pigs seropositive for T. gondii, N. caninum and B. abortus is significantly higher in the Mesoregion of Marajó than in the others; the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii covers ali municipal!ties studied, were rodents are possible sources of infection; infection of pigs by N. caninum stems from precariousness of management and lack of hygiene; the serovars of Leptospira sp. Castellonis, Copenhageni, Pomona Australis, Icterohaemorragiae, Pyrogenes and Icterohaemorragiae occurs in the sampled population due to the presence of synanthropic and wild rodents at the sites of creation .