Avaliação ecoepidemiológica da circulação do vírus da raiva em populações de Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810) no município de Juruti, baixo amazonas, Estado do Pará.

Abstract

The state of Pará registers annually numerous cases of human aggression caused by various animal species, as well as sending animal biological material for research of rabies virus, for the purpose of guiding prophylactic protocols and perform monitoring of the circulation of the rabies virus. In this regard, literature shows that the state recorded 160.089 cases of anti-rabies attendances by different species, such being 2% (n=3.542) by aggressions caused by bats, only exceeded by aggressions caused by dogs 84% (n= 134.139). The municipality of Juruti (Lower Amazon) presented in the same period an average of 22,8% (n=114) human antirabies attendances for assault from bats, taking the 4th place in the state, together with the municipality of Curuçá (northeast Pará). However, the reference laboratories for virus research received 15.453 samples from different animal species from several municipalities in the state between 2008 and 2012. Of these, 4.936 correspond to chiroptera species including 1% (n=27) were positive for presence of virus, due lack of records of transmission in many municipalities, which makes them silent arcas for the rabies virus. With the objective of evaluating the circulation of the virus in populations of Desmodus rotundus in arcas with a history of aggression in humans and animais, however without record of sending biological samples for laboratory research, was carried out the serological study and research for the virus in the municipality of Juruti, Lower Amazon, state of Pará. With the study were identified neutralizing antibodies to the rabies virus in 42 individuais of D. Rotundus captured in 19 properties, thirteen being located in the region of solid ground and six riparian. The captures were carried out together with their food supply (buffalo, cattle, horses, goats, pigs and poultry), where ali the bats examined were negative to direct immunofluorescence. Serum samples from 12 male and 30 adult female, were examined by Simplified Fluorescence Inhibition Microtest (SFIMT) and presented variable leveis of antibodies in ali animais, with highest degree found in female of I Ul/ml, whereas in males were recorded values of 0,5 Ul/ml. Noted is also that males and females with antibody titers to rabies virus may or may not have some type of injury as punctures, scars and mutilations. These results indicate that the rabies virus circulates in populations of D. rotundus, possibly belonging to small colonies, located in different regions in the municipality of Juruti/PA.