Etnozoologia e ofidismo na área de proteção ambiental da ilha do Combú, Belém-Pa.

Abstract

Brazil has one of the largest reptile faunas of the world. Reptiles are used in different ways by human population, there is a wealth of beliefs involving these animais, especially snakes the variety of interactions that human cultures have with these animais is addressed by ethnozoology. Have the epidemiological study of snake accidents caused by snakes are considered a public health problem in Brazil. In order to characterize the epidemiology of snakebites reported in the city of Belém-PA, conducted a retrospective study collecting information on cases of snakebites reported to SINAN in the period of 2008 to 2012. In this period were reported, 338 cases, averaging 67 cases per year. Accidents were more common in urban arcas, with the cases of snakebites occurred on the island of Combu were reported (n=ll, 3.25%). Most accidents occurred in the months from January to June, common in males, aged 10-39 years, reaching (n=266, 78.70%) lower limbs, with (n = 302, 89, 35%) of the accidents attributed to Bothrops. Victims in (n= 278; 82.25%) of cases were seen at health facilities within six hours after the accident. It was only recorded (n=l, 0.30%) died during the whole period and that occurred in 2011, a resident of Combu Island, with 54 year old male, the snake identification was the Bothrops. Ethnozoological the knowledge and practices in cases of snakebites by the residents of the Environmental Protection Arca was recorded - APA Combu Island, between the months from May to December 2013, 70 interviews with residents were realiadas through semi-structured questionnaires, supplemented by conversations informal, of the respondents, 31.43% (n=22) have been victims of snakebite, with the region most affected anatomical lower (n=21, 95.45%) and upper limbs (n = 1, 4.55%). Most were performing work activities and 81.82% (n=18) sought medicai assistance, it was found that some domestic animais were also victim of snakebite in the APA. In general, residents demonstrated adequate knowledge about prevention of snake bites (use of boots, leggings and gloves while working in the field) and the procedure in cases of snakebite (look for specialized medicai care). Regarding the occurrence of snakes on the island were cited 13 ethnospecies to interpret these data, we performed a preliminary inventory zoo, nine species of snakes being recorded. Correspond to these three poisonous snakes with potential to cause snakebite. Correspond to these three poisonous snakes with potential to cause snakebite. Respondents frequently reported viewing snakes, being the period with the highest number of occurrences winter. Regarding the use were cited four ethnospecies (pit viper, boa, anaconda and coral), used in three categories: food, shopping and medicai. The boa was with highest use value (0.83). The most quoted part used as zootherapic (n=21) was the head in alcohol, used as antidote in case of snakebite and scorpion sting, then lard (n=14).