Distribuição e relação trófica entre carrapatos e pequenos mamíferos da ordem Rodentia e Didelphimorphia na Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Estado do Pará.

Abstract

Ticks ( Acari: Ixodida ) are ectoparasites of great medicai and veterinary importance . The arthropod parasites in small mammals is reported by several authors . The present study aimed to study the fauna and ixodológica analyze ecological aspects such as seasonality and influence the impact of mining on ticks and wild small mammals captured in the Carajás National Forest. The study was done in four distinct arcas , with two different yoke and forest vegetation types , with an arca of forest near the yoke and impact by mining and an arca of mining yoke and distant forest. Catches were made in four campaigns in the years 2010 and 2011 , corresponding to two samples in the dry season and two during the rainy season , six transects in each arca where 60 traps sherman type and tomawak were placed with a distance of 20 m were used between themselves and distributed in the soil , understory and canopy. Small mammals captured were taken to the laboratory and measured data on sex , age , weight and reproductive status , then were placed in a plastic box containing ether inhalation anesthesia and after that , they were brushed with individual brush teeth to remove the ectoparasites on tray with water. Arthropods collected were removed by pipette and transferred to tubes with proper identification . The identification of ticks were made in the laboratory of parasitology UFRA , according to the key of Aragon and Fonseca (1961 ) . 70 ticks belonging to the species Amblyomma cajennense (n = 1) A geayi (n = 9 ), A pacae were collected (n = 4) A parvum (n = 2 ), A pseudoconcolor (n = 1) Amblyomma sp . (n = 7) Carios sp. (n = 6) , Ixodes didelphidis (n = 30) I. schulzei (n = 6) and Ixodes sp. ( n = 3 ) , the coat of 42 small mammals , no host was more than one kind of ticks in their fur . The immature ticks were prevalent , with a prevalence of 88.6 % ; Ticks were most abundant in arcas of sarongs than in forests , there was dominance of parasitism in the impacted arcas , and 37 ticks were collected during the rainy season and 33 in the period dry . This work is an important contribution to the parasitic fauna of small mammals in the Carajás National Fores