Efeito da calagem no crescimento e nutrição de plantas de helicônia (Heliconia psittacorum L. x Heliconia spathocircinada Arist.) CV. GOLDEN TORCH, em latossolos amarelos do Estado do Pará.

Abstract

Abstract 1: The floricultura is growing activity in Brazil and allover the world because it is being detached as an agrobusiness and budget generator, it also gives estability to the men in the coutry side and appropriate as altemative culture for smaller producers. It is being evaluated that the Brazilian floriculture is working on 750 million dollar/year only internai market, which the priority markets are: Germany, Holland, United States, Italy, France, England, Japan and Argentina. Being the exporting of ornamental tropical flowers and plants from Northern Brazil are still of little significance into the national overview. The tropical flowers are contributing for the advance of the agrobusiness, this is the case of the gender helicônia of the order Zingiberales with about 150 species. The cultivation of the gender helicônia in the State of Pará is being made in most of the cases on Latosoils, which are acid, with pH varying between 4,0 and 5,5, poor in basis, especially of Ca and Mg and high saturation of Al. There are few studies about the behaving plants of helicônia cultivated with the practics of "calagem". Thus, the general objective of this study was to determine the effect of dolomitical calcarium application in the development, and in the concentration of macro and micronutrients in plants of helicônia cultivate Golden Torch, in two kinds of Yellow Latosoil, from Belém and Tomé-Açú, Pará State. Where we conclude that the plants of helicônia cv. Golden Torch do not suffer benefic effect in variations from growth, thus not being, the "calagem" and viseable practics to cultivate in the studied soils, but alterations were promoted in the concentrations of macro and micronutrients in the leves, pseudotronk and roots of the plants ofHelicônia psillacorum L. x Helicônia spathocircinata Arist. cv. Golden Torch, in the Yellow Latosoil of médium texture and Yellow Latosoil clay-sandy.

Abstract 2: The tropical floriculture is an activity that is in ascension in Brazil, but the soiTs pH limitates the agricole production, due to the toxity by Al, Mn and low saturation by the basis. Thus the present study aimed to determine the effect of the aplication of dolomitical calcarium in the growth of heliconia plants {Heliconia psillacorum L. x Heliconia spathocireinata Arist.) cv. Golden Torch, evaluated through the variables heights médium, heigher, number of leaves, chlorophille content, diameter of pseudotronk, number of perfilhos, number of bracteas and production of mass of dry leaves, pseudotronk, root, aeral part, in total and relation between aeral and root. The experiment was held at the house of vegetation at Embrapa Eastern Amazônia, in Belém, Pará, using as substratum, a Yellow Latosoil of médium texture firom the city of Belém, Pará and a Yellow Latosoil sandy-clay firom the town of Tomé-Açu, Pará, both collected in the camade of 0-20 cm. Beyond the test without calcarium, for the médium texture Yellow Latosoil. Were testd four dosis of the corrective, in t/ha, that are 0,9; 2,6; 4,2; and 5,9. For the Yellow Latosoil sandy-clay the dosis, for t/ha, were 0,8; 1,7; 2,6; and 3,5. After the weighting of 20 kilos of soil it was made the incubation of dolomitical calcarium, according to the treatments, during 72 days, being the moisture kept at 60% firom the saturation moisture. In the plantation it was used a piece of hast plus rizoma by vase of heliconia cv. Golden Torch, measuring 15 cm. The experimental delining a adopted was whole casualized with five treatments and five repetitions, totalizing 25 experimental units, for each kind of soils. We conclude that the plants of heliconia cv. Golden Torch cultivated in the Yellowish Latosoils of médium texture sandy-clay, did not suffer the benefical effect in variations of growth, not being, thus the calagem a recommended practics to cultivate the soils in study.

Abastract 3: Innumerous are the species of heliconias native from Brazil that succed into a well cultivation, such as the case of Heliconia psittacorum, that accept acid soils, being that the correct pH for its cultivation is between 4,5 and 6,5. The correction and fertilization of soils is a common practics that are studied in the wider part of Brazil, because they promote the increasement in the absorption by the plants, some nutrients are essential to them. The present work aimed to determine the effect of the application of dosis of dolomitical calcarium in the concentration of macro and micronutrients in parts of heliconia plants cv. Golden Torch. The experiment was held at house of vegetation at Embrapa Eastem Amazônia, in Belém, Pará, using as substratum, a Yellow Latosoil of médium texture from the Belém and a Yellow Latosoil sandy-clay from the town of Tomé-Açu, Pará, both collected at 0-20 cm camade. Beyond the testing without, for a Yellow Latosoil médium texture were tested four dosis of corrective, in t/ha, that are 0,9; 2,6; 4,2; and 5,9. For Yellow Latosoil sandy-clay in dosis of, in t/ha, 0,8; 1,7; 2,6; and 3,5. After the weighting of 20 kilos of soil by gase vase it was made the incubation of dolomitical calcarium, according to the treatments, being the moisture kept at 60% of the capacity of the field, after the incubation of 72 days. In the plantation were used a piece of hast plus rizome of Heliconia psillacorum L. x Heliconia spathocircinata Arist. cv. Golden Torch, measuring about 15 cm. We conclude in general that the application of dolomitical calcarium promoted alterations in the concentrations of macro and micronutrients in the leaves, pseudotronk and roots, in the two kinds of Yellow Latosoil.