Heliantheae (Asteraceae) na Brasileira: Ambrosiinae, Helianthinae, Spilanthinae e Zinninae.

Abstract

The Asteraceae family represents one tenth of all angiosperms described on the planet, which is equivalent to about 25,000 species. Currently, the group contains 12 subfamilies and 43 tribes with cosmopolitan distribution and good representation in Brazilian territory, including the Amazon biome; it has pharmacological, ornamental, and food applications, among others. The objective of this study was to identify and describe the species that occur in the Brazilian Amazon belonging to the subtribes Ambrosiinae, Helianthinae, Spilanthinae, and Zinninae of the tribe Heliantheae, one of the largest in the family, but with few studies for the tropical biome in question. A survey was conducted of the species targeted by the study incorporated into the MG, IAN, INPA, and RB herbaria, as well as virtual herbaria such as ESA, SP, NY, CEN, UB, MO, RON, ALCB, EAC, HUEFS, and FURB, with field trips also being conducted. A taxonomic treatment was performed, with the preparation of taxonomic descriptions, dichotomous keys, illustrations, maps, and comments on the species. Ambrosiinae presented three genera, Helianthinae two genera, Spilanthinae two genera, and Zinninae one genus. New records were found for the genera Aldama, Acmella, and Parthenium, as well as a new species for science.