Avaliação da atividade biológica e do perfil metabólico de extratos de calos, células em suspensão e raízes de Boerhavia paniculata por meio da técnica de lipidômica

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of Boerhavia paniculata and compare the chemical profile of extracts of the roots of wild plants with the extracts of in vitro cultures. Roots were collected and the concentrated metabolites were extracted with the solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic solution (8:2; v/v). The anti-inflammatory activity of extracts was evaluated by rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and antimicrobial activity was investigated by the disk diffusion in agar method. An induction protocol for friable callus was developed from seeds without tegument under different treatments in medium with half strength MS (½ MS), different concentrations of glucose (0.0; 1.5; 3.0 % w/v) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.0; 2.265; 4.53 µM; w/v) supplemented with coconut water (10%; v/v). Friable calli were used to establish a cell suspension protocol in ½ MS medium supplemented with glucose (1.5%; w/v) and 2,4-D (2.265 µM; w/v), and cell cultures were elicited with Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus (2%; w/v). The extraction of metabolites from calli and cell suspension was performed in the same manner as for the roots. The chemical profile of hexane extracts from wild plant roots, calli, and elicited and non-elicited cell suspensions was analyzed by lipidomics using GC/MS. None of the root extracts showed antimicrobial activity, but the hexane root extract exhibited expressive anti-inflammatory activity. The chemical profile of the roots showed phytosterols (β-sitosterol and stigmasterol) and fatty acids as major compounds. The best result for friable callus induction was obtained in ½ MS medium containing 2.265 µM of 2,4-D, glucose (1.5%) and coconut water (10%). The establishment of cell cultures was effective. The chemical profile of in vitro cultures was similar to the chemical profile found in the roots of the wild plant. This work contributes to increasing the chemical-pharmacological knowledge and developing in vitro cultivation studies in the species Boerhavia paniculata.